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| False loose smut (barley) ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
False loose smut
False loose smut is a fungal disease of barley caused by ''Ustilago nigra''. This fungus is very similar to ''U. nuda'', the cause of loose smut, and was first distinguished from it in 1932.〔
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== Symptoms ==
The disease is not apparent until heading, at which time, smutted heads emerge slightly earlier than healthy heads. At first, each smutted head is covered by a delicate, paperlike, grayish membrane. These membranes break shortly after the smutted heads have emerged and expose a dark brown to black, powdery mass of spores. This spores are easily dislodged, leaving only the bare rachis.〔
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抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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